lisa_goldstein: (pic#11299236)
The Modern Myths, by Philip Ball (Reviewed here on December 13) — As the title says, Ball thinks there are modern myths, stories that reflect our times and speak to our unconscious.  The examples he gives are Robinson Crusoe, Frankenstein, The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, Dracula, The War of the Worlds, Sherlock Holmes and Watson, and Batman.  The authors of these books, he says, did not completely understand the potential of their inventions and so stories about them are still being written, changed and added to according to our sensibilities.


Thanks to a coincidental bit of alphabetizing, the next book on this list also works as an illustration of Ball’s theme:  


The Album of Dr. Moreau, by Daryl Gregory — What if the creations of Dr. Moreau were to form a boy band?  (How do people think of these things?)  Five human/ animal hybrids who fled a secret experiment become a tight singing group and the heartthrobs of teenage girls everywhere.  When their manager is murdered, Detective Luce Delgado is called in to investigate.


Each of the WyldBoyZ has his own character and perspective, partly based on their genetics but mostly unique to themselves.  Bobby the ocelot (“the cute one”) is focused on the traditional rock-star triad, sex and drugs and rock and roll, but also has a sweet charm and innocence.  Tusk the elephant is cerebral and, yes, has an excellent memory, but no understanding of humor.  Matt the Bat, on the other hand, is very funny.  Devin, three-quarters bonobo, has a new-age perspective and thinks everyone in the world is sexy.  And poor Tim the pangolin is afraid of everything, especially after a fan on a Chinese tour tried to steal one of his scales.


Like most things by Gregory, there’s some pretty funny parts: “Delgado, an intriguing name, he was pretty sure it meant ‘the cat,’” Devin thinks.  (Well, maybe this is only funny if you’ve made as many mistakes in Spanish as I have.) Or:


“I don’t see color,” Matt said.

“Bullshit,” Devin said.

“Literally, I don’t see color.”


As it turns out, each of them has a motive to kill the manager, who had taken advantage of them after they escaped and is still blackmailing them.  There’s also a touching moment with Delgado’s daughter, who is a huge fan of the group.


Dolphin Junction, by Mick Herron — Sharp mystery stories by an author who’s written some of the best spy and mystery novels around.  I’m mentioning it here because of a story that could be fantasy if you look at it from the right direction, “The Usual Santas.”  Eight mall Santas, still in costume, get together after the stores close on Christmas Eve to compare notes and complain about this year’s kids.  Then someone notices that there are nine Santas instead of eight.  This story should have appeared in every Year’s Best Fantasy collection, though I haven’t seen enough of them to know if it did.


The Black Sun, by Rebecca Roanhorse — The Black Sun is based on Mesoamerican mythology, something that’s pretty rare in fantasy.  Roanhorse creates an intriguing world out of these myths, a world of gods that came from the sky and left magic in the earth when they went back, of powerful Sky Made clans and the Dry Earth folk who serve them, of priests fighting and scheming in the holy city of Tova.


By using myths from Mesoamerica, Roanhorse avoids the over-harvested stories from Europe, the tropes that have become cliches.  There’s a Chosen One here, Serapio, but his fate is something you wouldn’t wish on your worst enemy, not glorious but terrifying.  He’s been fashioned from birth to be a god, a process that involved blinding him and other cruelties.  His purpose is to destroy the Watchers, who generations ago slaughtered most of his clan, Carrion Crow.  To do this he has to get to Tova before the Convergence, a rare combination of the winter solstice and a solar eclipse.  But by the time he is released into the world he has become more of a weapon than a human being.


The ship that takes him to Tova is captained by Xiala.  She is a foul-mouthed, hard-drinking woman, exiled from her native Teek for reasons we don’t know, a complete opposite and antidote to the focused, grim-dark Serapio.  A lot of the fun of this book is watching them survive their voyage, going from wary distrust to something like love.


Of course this is the first book of a trilogy, and ends on a cliff-hanger.  Well, Amazon says the next one will be out in April, so at least it exists.  I hope, anyway.


Orwell’s Roses, by Rebecca Solnit — Solnit uses the fact that Orwell planted roses as a starting point for meditations on all kinds of people and things: Orwell and the symbolism of roses, of course, but also coal mining, Stalin and Soviet Communism, intra-species cooperation, the British in Burma, gardens, and the life of a fascinating but ultimately tragic photographer named Tina Modotti.  It’s a book that champions, as Emma Goldman said (the quote is included in the book), “everybody’s right to beautiful, radiant things.”

lisa_goldstein: (pic#11299236)
Philip Ball starts by debunking the popular idea about myths, that “[w]e grew out of gods and myths because we have acquired reason and science.”  Instead, he thinks we have our own myths, and that they reflect and comment on our culture the way the old myths commented on theirs.  The stories he uses to illustrate this are Robinson Crusoe, Frankenstein, The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, Dracula, The War of the Worlds, Arthur Conan Doyle's Sherlock Holmes and Watson stories, and Batman comics.  (You may be wondering, as I did, what happened to The Lord of the Rings.  “A modern myth,” says Ball, “is not an old myth retold in modern times.”  Instead they use the trappings of their times; they “do not feature kings and queens, dragons and heroes.”  Okay, then.)


Just this idea would make the book worth reading.  But Ball takes his theory and runs with it, with thought-provoking comments on nearly every page.  The consensus about Frankenstein is that it’s about a scientist meddling in things humanity was not meant to know.  But, Ball says, its “themes are so rich and diverse that the conventional interpretation of it… is desperately inadequate.” It “comments on … slavery, social justice and imperialism.  It is about birth and death, family and kinship… [It] confronts profound religious questions.”


It’s the same for all the books on the list.  All of them have multiple meanings, meanings that reflect the times in which they were written.  But — and here comes the most interesting part, the big enchilada of thought-provoking ideas —  the stories themselves are clumsily written.  The authors have gone down into the unconscious and dredged up powerful symbols, symbols that speak to their times, but they are not in complete control of their material.  The creators of Dracula, Sherlock Holmes, and Batman, for example, seem unaware of the homosexual subtext of their creations — though Bram Stoker was probably gay, and probably did have some murky idea.  


So there are gaps in these narratives, “ambiguities and contradictions” that anyone can take advantage of.  Other people can write their own versions, and the stories get told over and over again, each time differently, growing and changing with the surrounding culture.  And so we get a gay Holmes and Watson, but also a Watson who is female and Asian, in the TV show Elementary.  We get a vampire story “recast as fairy tale” in the Twilight books.


I said the book was “thought-provoking,” so here are some of my thoughts.  Is Ball saying that most myths, like the Iliad and the Odyssey, the Elder Edda, the Marabharata, started this way, with crude stories that reflected the unconscious of the surrounding culture?  Were they then picked up by poets like Homer, and turned into masterpieces?  But what about the beauty and poetry of myths, where are they in Ball’s design?


One more impressive thing about Ball: he speaks the language of academia (though his writing is clearer and more accessible than that of most academics), but he also knows more about popular culture than practically anyone.  He’s seen all the movies, read all the books.  He even knows that the character was originally called “The Batman.”  You can’t argue with him about this, so don’t even try.

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